There atomic number 18 many factors determining which artifacts survive and which are destroyed. Objects make from bone, wood, and leather, are more susceptible to deterioration and rarely bear for thousands of years. Stone and ceramic artifacts, on the contrary, are very perdurable. comparatively few artifacts survive over long periods of time. Usually, only durable artifacts, those made of stone, bone, pottery, or metals, survive. Artifacts made of wood, leather, or other slim materials rarely remain. As a result, archaeologists have an incomplete picture of the past. Very dry climates in desert regions may wield normally perishable objects. The heat and the absence of moisture continue decay. Organic material normally decays in more equable regions, but some may be preserved in lakes and rivers under layers of silt and in water-logged peat bogs and marshes. Very cold climates submit perfect conditions for the preservation of organic material, where the climate acts as a refrigerator. Composition of the soil is also an important factor, as the chemicals of a plant or an animal may react with minerals in the soil and prevent decay.
Natural disasters can also take on their toll on evidence, such as floods, earthquakes and volcanoes. The actions of people are one of the most significant factors in determining which artifacts survive. state of war and conflict can be very destructive where valuable items, if not destroyed, are looted or lost. Modernisation of cities has no time for ancient ruins, and many old buildings are rupture down to make way for new ones.
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