Rates of Reactions Essay

Apparatus 4 beakers (250 ml), 4 test pipings (18 mm x one hundred fifty mm), centigram balance, test subway system rack, measuring piston chamber (25 ml), marking pen, stop watch, thermometer, weewee and scum cubes, top pan balance, hot plate, agent source, safety goggles, a lab coat, 3.0 submarine sandwich hydrochloric biting and unceasing size of stain bridles.METHOD1. Label four 250 ml beakers A, B, C & D.2. Pour150 ml of body of water into beakers A, B and C only. In this experiment, these beakers depart be used as water baths and for this reason, place a thermometer in all(prenominal) of these beakers to unwrap the water bath temperature. Beaker D is to remain empty until step 9.3. regorge a test tube containing 10ml of 3.0 bomber of hydrochloric acidulent into for sepa computely one of the beakers (A, B and C) part filled with water.4. Place the beakers (B and C) containing the test tubes on an electrical hot plate, leaf on the power and place a thermom eter into each of the four test tubes.5. Read each thermometer until the water in beaker B reaches 37C and the water in beaker C reaches hundredC (i.e. when the water boils). At these points, remove the beakers from the hot plate and switch off the power.6. Wait a fewer minutes and feel out the thermometers until the test tube temperatures are unremitting, and similar to the temperature of the water bath.7. minimal brain dysfunction 0.25 g of weighed marble chips to beaker B (37C), and meter the period of reception between the marble chips and the hydrochloric acid with a stop watch. When all the marble chips necessitate fully dissolved and the reply ceased, stop the stopwatch and note have the age taken for the reaction.8. Write slew these results into the results submit and repeat this process for beaker C (at 100C) and beaker A (at room temperature nigh 20C).9. Finally with beaker D, place a thermometer in this beaker to provide a temperature check and then add 1 50 ml of crushed ice to act as a constant temperature ice bath. Again, hold off a few minutes and check the thermometers until the test tube temperatures are constant and similar to the temperature of the ice in the beaker (I.e. 0C). Add 0.25g of weighed marble chips. Then lastly use the stopwatch to clock how hanker it takes for the marble chips to dissolve in the hydrochloric acid and write down the results.10. Clean up used materials and wash hands thoroughly.VARIABLES self-directed Variables Temperature.Dependent Variables The reaction condemnation.CONTROLSThe standard 10 ml volume of 3.0 molar hydrochloric acid in each test tube, the mass, uniform size and surface area of the atomic number 23 marble chips placed into each acid, constant temperature measurement using a thermometer for each beaker and test tube (I.e. A 20C, B 37C, C 100C and D 0C) and conviction observation using a stopwatch to measure the duration of reaction time of acid on the marble chips.RESULTSThis a ccede clearly shows that the higher(prenominal) the temperature, the hot the reaction rate. In these experiments, I used fin marble chips for each test tube to ensure consistency and consequently achievement of carbon dioxide.CONCLUSIONThis experiment showed that the higher the temperature, the faster the reaction rate and thereby, the faster the production of carbon dioxide from hydrochloric acid performing on marble chips.EVALUATIONMy results table above successfully proved that the temperature had a large effect on the rate of reaction and showed that the higher the temperature, the faster the rate of reaction.The rates of chemical reaction increases with temperature, This is be consume when the temperature is increased, the particles in the solution have more capability and therefore collide more oft during a certain period of time. These colliding particles lead have activation energy resulting in more successful collisions between particles, the cause of reaction. As sh own on my graph, the rate of reaction approximately doubles each time the temperature is increased by 10C.With conceive to sources of error, some time was taken to wardrobe the stopwatch when the marble chips had thoroughly dissolved. This would have altered the length of reaction time a little bit and therefore alter the rate of reaction results. At first, I weighed one marble chip and multiplied it by 5 to take in the mass of five marble chips. As this would have made my results inaccurate, I weighed the five marble chips all to pass awayher to get the exact mass of 0.25g.