Social factors abide affect the course of schizophrenia.
backstage and Brown (19,20) compared female in-patients. social changes were introduced (including promoting self esteem and in-person control. Improvements were observed in one third.
Milieu Therapy.
Used bit in institutional care.
Aims to include patients in decision making.
fanny include token thrift, privileges are earned. For example, by refraining from bizarre behaviour. Rewards can be visitors, going out, watching TV, etc.
Evaluation.
Therapy effective in part achieve independence.
keepsake economies effective, this is shown in Dickerson et als (2005) meta analysis.
Less effective when patients bump used to rewards and stop following behaviour.
Token economy focuses on only a few symptoms. It does not address cognitive symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations. Only learn to imitate pattern behaviour.
Ethical issues related to the desired behaviours. They are decided by the psychologist.
Patients tend to be treated in community nowadays, Token economy is less effective in this setting.
Token economy only produces short term changes.
Social Skills Training.
Developed to neuter or improve the social behaviour of sufferers.
Halford and Hayes (19.
92) produced a training programme including:
- Conversational skills,Â
- assertion,
- conflict management,
- medication management,
- time use,
- and employment skills.
Evaluation.
Critics of this therapy suggest the training does not generalise to tangible life situations.
Birchwood and Spencer (19.99) found SST programmes are beneficial in increase individuals competence and assertiveness in social situations.
However, it needs to be maintained, or skills will deteriorate.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy.
Coping schema enhancement (CSE).
Aims to teach, develop, and apply effective coping strategies.
Reduce frequency, intensity, and sequence of psychotic symptoms though:
1. Education and Rapport training.
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