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Tuesday, November 13, 2012

Opposite Paths to Success

Opposite Paths to Success. (Chapter 9). In Diamond, J. (2004). divulge: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. New York: Viking: 277-308.

In chapter ix of Collapse, the author nominates insight into the two types of past societies that either failed to make up one's mind or successfully resolved the environmental problems challenging their earthly concern and development. There are two routes to success for successful societies, the top-down and the bottom-up approach. For small societies and regions, environmental management that is bottom-up whole kit and caboodle best in creating common identity and interests along with sustainable growth. For large societies, the top-down approach to environmental management appears to suggest the most success, especially for those with a central political musical arrangement which tends to promote decisions viable in the long-term.

Custred, G. (2000, Summer). The forbidden discovery of Kennewick man. pedantic Questions, 12-30.

In the advances of science and knowledge, Glynn Custred (2000) maintains that political interests, scientific interests, and even heathen feelings combine and often clash. The Kennewick man case shows these tensions, with Custred (2000) illustrating how one theme of interests hopes to bury the remains of this 9,300-year-old skeleton while the other feels samples should be collected in the interest of knowledge. Custred (200


Daley and Layton (2004) claims that the EPA is more likely to take on "easier" or "low-risk" sites when dealings with Superfund projects aimed at rehabilitating some of the country's most hazardous waste sites. The authors provide a study based on changes to increase the speed, legality and efficiency of Superfund implementation, since its inception in 1993. The authors argue that the reason the EPA uses much(prenominal) selection criteria is due to administrative convenience and costs, political pressure, and the gracelessness of the cleanup effort, (Daley & Layton, 2004).

Daley, D. M., & Layton, D. F. (2004). Policy implementation and the environmental protection authorization: What factors influence remediation at superfund sites? The Policy Studies Journal, 32(3): 375-392.

Brian Stone, Jr.
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(2005) provides assist in this article that connects rising regional temperatures in the U.S. to increase ozone formation in the nation's fifty biggest metropolitan areas. The rise in ozone formation during the 1990s in these regions is found to be machine-accessible to regional temperature changes than ozone emissions from mobile or sedentary sources. Stone argues that this confederation implies a strong and urgent need for urban planners to figure urban heat as a "pollutant" and the need for a strategic response to resolve the issue, (Stone, 2005). He also maintains latest Clean Air Act provisions are conflicting to control ozone formation.

The authors present a case study of the unrelenting Line corridor, a 22-mile rail transportation line connecting downtown Los Angeles and downtown Long Beach. The analysis demonstrates that the expected development of the chiefly poor and neglected satellite communities between the two cities has not materialized. The authors claim this is due to the following barriers, based on interviews with politicians, city planners, community leaders, and transportation experts: 1) back-door location; 2) missing density gradients; 3) trackless stations; 4) pedestrian-
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